作为一名vim深度用户，A Byte of Vim 一直是自己最喜欢的读物。我会向任何想学习vi/vim的朋友推荐它。
务必读英文原版！ 英语简单，书也简明！在此感谢swaroopch大神。
下面是自己整理的“A Byete of Vim”笔记，用于回忆和自测。更可作为检测自己是否是一名合格的vim用户！！
1.Perface
“There is no great writing, only great rewriting.” – Louis Brandeis
“Vim if one of the few pieces of software that I use for nearly 10 hours a day.” – Authors
The mantra is Concepts. Examples. Pithy
Perfection is achieved, not when there is nothing more to add, but when there is nothing left to take away.
2.Introduction
Powerful means following the paradigm of “Minimal effort. Maximal effect.”
Press * Run :sp Run :50 Run :,100s/old/new/g Press gf
Run :colorscheme desert Run :nmap <c-s> :w<CR>
Run :mksession ~/latest_session.vim -> vim -S ~/latest_session.vim
Run :syntax on -> :set filetype=Wikipedia
Run :set foldmethod=indent Run :tabedit <file>
Press ctrl-n(自动补全) Run :0,10s/form/to/gc Run :%s/from/to/g
Run :help vim-modes-intro Run :edit hello.txt<–>:e hello.txt
Run :help notation(帮助理解命令的含义) Run :help keycodes(特殊按键的表示方法)
Press :ab swf shiwenfeng
Press vab(选定括号内的全部内容help ab) Press dw Press 2d3w
3.Modes
There are three basic modes in Vim - normal, insert and visual
Run :echo "hello world" Run :help usr_toc或:help user-manual
Run :help index(可寻找感兴趣的内容)
Run :help vim-modes-intro Run :help mode-switching
Important –> a,A i,I o,O r,R s,S v,V(这个很重要)
+---------+ i,I,a,A,o,O,r,R,s,S +----------+
| Normal +---------->------------+ Insert |
| mode | | mode |
| +----------<------------+ |
+-+---+---+ <Esc> +--------+
| |
| |
| |
v,V V ^ <Esc>
| |
| |
+---+---+----+
| Visual |
| mode |
+------------+
4.Typing Skills
vi/vim graphical cheat sheet:
- 这是自己用的vim速查表
- 这是自己的vim桌面)
Press } { ( )
Press ctrl-o(the previous location) Press ctrl-i
Press ^ $ ctrl-f crtl-b
Press G H(highg) M(middle) L(low) Press : help word-motions
Press :help cursor-motions
Press :help text-objects Press :help object-motions
Press :help motion
press :help various-motions
5.Help
“The true delight is in the finding out rather than in the knowing”
Run :help Run :help user-manual
Run :help abbreviate Press ctrl-]
Run :helpgrep gt(这个很有用，模糊查询）
Run :cnext Run :cprev Run :clist (这类用的少)
Press ma -> Press 'a Press ~
Run :let &keywordprg=':help' –> K(快捷帮助)
6.Editing Basics
“If I had eight hours to chop down a tree, I’d spent six hours sharpening my axe” – Abraham Lincoln
Run :swapname Run :help swap-file
nmap <c-s> :w<CR>
imap <c-s> <Esc>:w<CR>a
Run :e ../tmp/test.txt :cd :pwd
Run :e C:\\shopping\\monday.txt
y -> yank
1G and | -> moves to the first line and the first column respectively
Run dl dw
yy -> operation name twice, it will operate on the
yap -> yank the current paragraph
xp -> swap two characters
dwwP -> swap two words
m{a-zA-z} -> '{a-zA-Z}({}内是可选字母范围)
u/U <-> ctrl-r –> undolevels :earlier 4m(比较有用，回到4分钟之前) :later 45s
:undolist Run :help :undolist/undo-redo/usr_32.txt
set incsearch/ignorecase/smartcase(设置搜索配置) –> /step /Step
Run :help vimrc-intro :help pattern
Run :/\<step\> /\d\+(匹配数字)
7.Multiplicity
:set foldmethod=indent –> zc zo za
:nnoremap <space> za –> noremap
Run :help buffer-list :buffers(查看当前的buffers) :b 1或:e XX.txt(切换到对应的buffer) :ls
:sp or ctrl-w s :vsp or ctrl-w v
ctrl-w r –> rotate the windows
ctrl-w K –> move the current windows to the topmost position
ctrl-w _ –> make the cutternt windows as big as possible
ctrl-w = –> make the windows ‘equal’ in height again
:resize 10
:help windows
:tabnew :tabc :help tabpage
:tabmove 0 :tabdo(在每个标签中执行命令)
`:help setting-guitablabel:
8.Personal Information Management
9.Scripting
gUl –> to switch the first letter to upper case
g#(匹配的是word) #(匹配的是\<word\>单个词) g* *
qa –> to start recording the macro named as a (register)
q –> stop recording the macro
@a –> apply this to other lines
. –> repeat the last action
:colorscheme desert –>
:echo strlen(getline('.'))
:let len = strlen(getline('.'))
:echo "We have 'len' characters in this line."
:echo $HOME :echo &filetype :echo @a
:help function-list
:source capitalize.vim :call Capitalize()
:echo has("python")
:help eval :help python-commands :help perl-using
:help ruby-commands
10.Plugins
the colon is optional when writing scripts in files
There are various kinds of plugins that can be written
- vimrc –> for general customizations
- global plugin
- filetype plugin
- syntax highlighting plugin
- compiler plugin
gvimrc –> for GUI specific customizations
:help vimrc
vim -u NONE -> start up Vim without any initialization scripts being run
:hlep -u :help starting
11.Programmers Editor
“Let’s me reiterate that typing skills is critical for a programmer”
“We are typists first, programmers second”
:set filetype=vim $VIMRUNTIME/syntax –> the list of language types available
svn diff | vim -R -(这个还比较实用)
:set autoindent :set smartindent
% -> bounce(curly bracket)
! -> shell commands :sh -> a full-fledged shell :%!sort
gf -> open the file gd -> move to the local definition of the variable name (实用)
gD -> the global declaration ]]
:help object-motions [I -> display all lines that contain they keyword under the cursor
:Vex或:Sex (在新窗口中打开当前目录)
ctags cscope :make
omnicompletion -> pythoncomplete.vim -> ftplugin/
:runtime! autoload/pythoncomplete.vim
~/.vimrc -> autocmd FiltType python runtime! autoload/pythoncomplete.vim
ctrl-n ctrl-p
:help new-omni-completion
imap <c-space> <c-x><c-o> -> omnicompletion
snippet -> SnippetsEmu
:source % :runtime! ftplugin/python_snippets.vim
12.More
Modeline -> vim: noexpandtab
Portable Vim -> GVimPortable.exe
Upgrade plugins -> :GLVS(which stands for ‘G’et ‘L’atest ‘V’im ‘S’cripts) -> :help getscript
Dr.Chip’s plugins -> drawit.vim
Blog from Vim -> Vimpress plugin
Make Firefox work like Vim -> Vimperator add-on
Contribute to Vim -> :help development
Bram’s talk on the seven habits -> “Seven habit of effective text editing”
Community -> hang out at the vim@vim.org
13.What Next
The other important resources -> “Best of Vim Tips” :help user-manual -> the all-important
:help new-7
